and advertising obviously works
Does it though? OK, it certainly does, but to the extent that the advertising industry wants us to believe? The advertising industry is very good at persuading its customers that it is very effective - being good at persuading people is its expertise after all.
For example if I see a new type of beer in the supermarket I will try it out of curiosity, unaware that it is being pushed on TV. The supermarket is putting it on the shelf
because the ad campaign is going on. But the ad men will claim I bought it because of their ad. In fact I'd stick to London Pride if it was on the shelf, but it isn't; but it might re-appear if they run a TV campagn on it - and the ad men will call that a success.
Mrs L's widget-making company used to run a year long half-page advert in a trade magazine. At renewal time the magazine would send an attractive young lady rep to get the boss to sign for another year; it cost a very significant amount of money, but he got a card and a bottle of brandy at Xmas. Mrs L stopped that - the company was locally known in the trade anyway and it made no difference to their sales. Advertising is vastly over-blown and over-paid in this way. Some of richest companies in the world are rich not by making or selling widgets, but by selling advertising space (via a chain of middle-men) for companies that do actually make widgets. Google for example are at the top of an advertising pyramid, with companies like Mrs L's at the bottom feeding the money in.