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Crossing the Inner German Border and Berlin Wall by rail during the Cold War

StephenHunter

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Moving this from a discussion in another thread. Am I right in thinking that trains on the Berlin Corridor route rarely kept to time because of the thoroughness of the checks?

Also, am I right in thinking Mitropa sleepers had "doorbells" for the attendant?
 
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WesternLancer

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Moving this from a discussion in another thread. Am I right in thinking that trains on the Berlin Corridor route rarely kept to time because of the thoroughness of the checks?

Also, am I right in thinking Mitropa sleepers had "doorbells" for the attendant?
I certainly spent a lot of time on a train crossing the border at night in summer 1988. Exit checks by US military as well as checks entering east Germany. Not sure we were late tho. Don’t recall any kind of bag searches however.

We weren’t in a sleeping car but me and my mate only 2 people kipping in a second class seated compartment. Kept getting woken up by various checks. Mostly checking passports and tickets.
 

The exile

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Moving this from a discussion in another thread. Am I right in thinking that trains on the Berlin Corridor route rarely kept to time because of the thoroughness of the checks?

Also, am I right in thinking Mitropa sleepers had "doorbells" for the attendant?
My only experience (February 1989) was perfectly on time on the way into Berlin. Tge return a week later was 78 late leaving Zoo (announced as awaiting connections from Warsaw), of which it had clawed back all but 15 on arrival in Frankfurt (Main of course). A bit of attention from the border guards en route - they were a bit suspicious because the main lights in our compartment weren’t working and assumed the group of 6 twenty-somethings were responsible (we weren’t!)
 

Beebman

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In April 1977 I made a return journey with my parents from Minden (where my cousin's family lived) to Berlin Zoo via Marienborn. As a young lad I found the border checks scary but they seemed to be reasonably straightforward and I don't recall either the outward or return journeys being delayed. My memory of the trip through the GDR was of long uninteresting views of woodland punctuated by spotting a couple of steam locos and by Magdeburg Hbf festooned in red flags.

While we were in West Berlin we did a half-day coach tour of the eastern part using Friedrichstrasse (Checkpoint Charlie). Again the border checks seemed reasonably straightforward with a serious but pleasant female officer checking passports. My Dad had to exchange some DMs for Ostmarks on a 1:1 basis and had to use them by buying souvenirs from the East Berlin coach courier (he bought a small photo book and a set of stamps depicting the famous Göltzsch railway viaduct in Saxony).

We also did an evening trip on U-Bahn line U6 through the 'ghost stations'. Initially my Dad was against the idea as he thought he might have to exchange some more currency but of course that wasn't the case. It was quite an experience but the main surprise was the large number of passengers leaving the train at Friedrichstrasse even though it was about 8pm, but maybe they were just changing to the West Berlin S-Bahn which I think was possible from U6 without going through any border checks.

Fast forward to September 1990 after passport and visa checks to the GDR had been abolished and the DM was now the currency with reunification only a couple of months away. I made a solo daytrip from Frankfurt (Main) Hbf to Erfurt Hbf. There were still long stops scheduled at the border but on the outward journey the wait was taken at Bebra. On the return though the scheduled wait was made at Gerstungen and I was able to alight and freely take photos of the station and the watchtowers. There were still uniformed border officers present but they were all in a room chatting and drinking, and at no time did they appear outside!
 

CW2

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I made a number of trips across the inner German border during the 1980s whilst travelling to / from Poland, bashing steam locos.
The customs grip was usually quite severe, to the extent that I have even seen a train compartment being entirely dismantled by the border guards, then leaving the unfortunate occupants with a "build your own compartment" set of bits when the train was due to depart!
Timekeeping wasn't particularly poor, as there was plenty of time allowed in the timetable for all the formalities.
 

Cheshire Scot

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I made a number of trips across the inner German border during the 1980s whilst travelling to / from Poland, bashing steam locos.
The customs grip was usually quite severe, to the extent that I have even seen a train compartment being entirely dismantled by the border guards,T then leaving the unfortunate occupants with a "build your own compartment" set of bits when the train was due to depart!
Timekeeping wasn't particularly poor, as there was plenty of time allowed in the timetable for all the formalities.
I had a similar experience arriving at Warnemunde off the train ferry from Gedser. Just two coaches on the ferry and just me and an elderly couple entering the DDR. In my compartment they unscrewed the ceiling panels and checked inside with torches, not sure if they were looking for contraband or stowaways (not sure why anyone would want to enter the DDR illicitly) but in fairness they did put it all back together again.
 

Ken H

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1. I think E german trains were diverted round the ring during the Berlin Wall period. Their trains ran to Ostbanhof. They could not run through Zoo as it was in W Berlin.
2. When I saw the thread title I thought of the complicated arrangements on the U Bahn, especially round Checkpoint Charlie and Friedrichstraße station. Maybe thats another thread...
 

etr221

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We also did an evening trip on U-Bahn line U6 through the 'ghost stations'. Initially my Dad was against the idea as he thought he might have to exchange some more currency but of course that wasn't the case. It was quite an experience but the main surprise was the large number of passengers leaving the train at Friedrichstrasse even though it was about 8pm, but maybe they were just changing to the West Berlin S-Bahn which I think was possible from U6 without going through any border checks.
Apart from the change to the 'West Berlin' S-bahn line, Friedrichstrasse was a recognised crossing point between East and West. The U-Bahn station also had a duty-free shop on the platform - part of the DDR's quest for hard currency!
1. I think E german trains were diverted round the ring during the Berlin Wall period. Their trains ran to Ostbanhof. They could not run through Zoo as it was in W Berlin.
Berlin Zoo was an interesting station - if I remember correctly the main line part of the station was DR, but the station buffet was DSG (the West German railway catering company, not the East German Mitropa). By the time I got there, the West Berlin part of the S-Bahn had been taken over by BVG (it had been DR), who ran that half of Berlin Zoo.
 

mikeg

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Guten Tag! Zollkontrolle der DDR (Good Day! Customs Control of the GDR!) is an interesting propaganda film made by the GDR authorities, judging by all things very end of the 60s? In German, but it does show operations at Gerstungen (it also reminds you that this is not an 'inner-German border', and that their customs officers are there to ensure their sovereignty ;) ). It also shows customs officials boarding the train, checking in the ceiling etc, but some of the checks seem to be done with the train moving? Was this often the case or does the film show a more efficient version of events than reality?
 
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WesternLancer

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Apart from the change to the 'West Berlin' S-bahn line, Friedrichstrasse was a recognised crossing point between East and West. The U-Bahn station also had a duty-free shop on the platform - part of the DDR's quest for hard currency!

Berlin Zoo was an interesting station - if I remember correctly the main line part of the station was DR, but the station buffet was DSG (the West German railway catering company, not the East German Mitropa). By the time I got there, the West Berlin part of the S-Bahn had been taken over by BVG (it had been DR), who ran that half of Berlin Zoo.
I recall discussing ticket matters at Zoo with English speaking DB staff at a ticket office Am I totally mid remembering that? It’s possible that I am.
 

Springs Branch

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2. When I saw the thread title I thought of the complicated arrangements on the U Bahn, especially round Checkpoint Charlie and Friedrichstraße station. Maybe thats another thread...
Apart from the change to the 'West Berlin' S-bahn line, Friedrichstrasse was a recognised crossing point between East and West. The U-Bahn station also had a duty-free shop on the platform - part of the DDR's quest for hard currency!

Berlin Zoo was an interesting station - if I remember correctly the main line part of the station was DR, but the station buffet was DSG (the West German railway catering company, not the East German Mitropa). By the time I got there, the West Berlin part of the S-Bahn had been taken over by BVG (it had been DR), who ran that half of Berlin Zoo.
I never visited Berlin during The Wall era, but I'm always intrigued by descriptions of the Kafkaesque arrangements around the Checkpoints and associated railway stations and train services.

I've often found it difficult to rationalise the written descriptions with understanding exactly how things worked at these locations, and - on the principle that 'a picture’s worth a thousand words' - have searched for any photographs of the key places in the Cold War period. I've never really found much - which isn't really surprising since at that time any hint of photography around sensitive spots would surely have been verboten.
 
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Ken H

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I never visited Berlin during The Wall era, but I'm always intrigued by descriptions of the Kafkaesque arrangements around the Checkpoints and associated railway stations and train services.

I've often found it difficult to rationalise the written descriptions with understanding exactly how things worked at these locations, and - on the principle that 'a picture’s worth a thousand words' - have searched for any photographs of the key places in the Cold War period. I've never really found much - which isn't really surprising since at that time any hint of photography around sensitive spots would surely have been verboten.
Look in spy novels of the period. Len Deightons Samson trilogies have some good stuff. Faith, Hope and Charity, Game Set and Match, Hook Line and Sinker. Good stories too.
 

Beebman

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Apart from the change to the 'West Berlin' S-bahn line, Friedrichstrasse was a recognised crossing point between East and West. The U-Bahn station also had a duty-free shop on the platform - part of the DDR's quest for hard currency!
Yes it was indeed a recognised crossing point but what I couldn't understand was why so many people were leaving the train at around 8-8.30pm - it was surely too late for a day visit and no way could it have been East Berliners returning home so unless it was very late day visitors from the West I presume it was people changing from the U- to the S-Bahn.

Talking of Friedrichstrasse, a German-language book I have called 'Die Deutsche Reichsbahn in West-Berlin' by Bernd Kuhlmann has an official plan from the Stasi Records Agency showing the passport control arrangements at the station. It's a book I would highly recommend if it wasn't for the many too small photos including one of the entrance from the western S-Bahn to the GDR border control at Friedrichstrasse.

However one book I'd definitely recommend is 'Geisterbahnhöfe' by H.Knobloch, M.Richter and T.Wenzel which is a mainly pictorial book with good colour photos of the 'ghost stations' under East Berlin on the western U-Bahn - a number of the photos were taken in 1989/90 when the stations were still in 1940s condition, including one with a couple of unarmed but very bored looking border guards still 'on duty'! Of particular interest is a couple of photos taken inside the 'Palace of Tears' at Friedrichstrasse after the fall of the Wall in 1989 showing people passing from East to West but still having to show ID to border officers.
 

coppercapped

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I never visited Berlin during The Wall era, but I'm always intrigued by descriptions of the Kafkaesque arrangements around the Checkpoints and associated railway stations and train services.

I've often found it difficult to rationalise the written descriptions with understanding exactly how things worked at these locations, and - on the principle that 'a picture’s worth a thousand words' - have searched for any photographs of the key places in the Cold War period. I've never really found much - which isn't really surprising since at that time any hint of photography around sensitive spots would surely have been verboten.
I visited West Berlin some 40 years ago with my wife who is German and we crossed into East Germany at Potsdam for a family christening as the East German members could not travel to the West.

The first piece of advice was to travel on the top berth of the sleeper to Berlin so as to give you a slight psychological advantage over the Vopos as they did their examination. We travelled on our British passports with my wife's German one left at home to reduce the chances of hassle.

We went to Potsdam by car. My brother-in-law and his wife cleaned the car thoroughly, took out all the maps, old receipts, other bits of paper and checked that nothing had rolled under the seats to avoid any charges of spying. I'm not joking. We were allowed through the border (I seem to remember that this was Checkpoint Alpha, but after all these years I may be mistaken) with an entry stamp put into the passports after which the first stop was the exchange bureau where we had to change a fixed amount of money per day (DM20?, but I can't remember exactly) to Reichsmarks and the exchange office put a stamp in the passport to show this had been done. Without the stamp one could not get an exit visa and this was obtained by visiting an office, in the same building, occupied by three heavy solid ladies direct from Central Casting.

The first one examined our travel documents, made a note on a form which was passed to the second woman who signed it which was the permission for the third lady to unlock the cupboard and bring the exit visa stamp to the second woman who then stamped each passport. The stamp was then locked away again. After which we we ushered out of the building. In all this time we only spoke to each other in English and we had to act as if we didn't understand German.

I should add that my brother-in-law and his wife with their infant daughter went through the system before us and we didn't enter until we had seen them leave. If we were not out in an hour they would have contacted family in West Germany to raise the hue and cry.

After the service we went to an afternoon celebration held by an old friend of the family in a nice bungalow. After the wall came down and the Stasi files were opened it turned out that this old friend was a Stasi 'informal colleague' who had reported on family movements...

A thoroughly nasty regime and I am so very glad that it has gone.

PS: Also, apart from Len Deighton's novels, those of John le Carrée give a really good feel for the time.

PPS: Potsdam stunk from burning brown coal and smoky vehicle engines, the air was acrid. And there were posters everywhere praising the regime 'the farmers' and workers' party'.
 
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Sir Felix Pole

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I travelled from Hamburg Hbf to Berlin Zoo and v.v. several times during the '80s on 'corridor' services - trains took around 6 hours for about
175 miles! The pre-war 'Flying Hamburger' had taken 2h 18m. Partly it was due to all the faffing around at the borders, but the route had also been seriously downgraded with a lot of single track still - as the result of war reparations - and a roundabout route to get into W Berlin. There were only three services a day in each direction, with an extra service at weekends - some started back / went to Kiel. At the Buchen / Schwanheide border trains went into a holding pen with gates at either end - a sort of air-lock if you will. DB and DR locos were exchanged here - there was a further loco change at Wittenberge, but then DR locos worked right through to Berlin Zoo and Freidrichstrasse. Passport inspection was done en-route, as well as (usually) a full luggage examination which was a right pain in a crowded train. Because of the paucity of expresses at the Hamburg end the S-Bahn services unusually then ran on the main-line - additional tracks have now been built.

I also travelled once on the Berlin - Munich 'corridor' service from Berlin Wannsee to Hof - just one service a day by this route in each direction and another 6 hr marathon. This was a more relaxed affair with just a ticket and passport check en-route. The DR loco worked though from Berlin to Hof and the train was notionally non-stop through the DDR, although there was a crew change on the Leipzig Hbf avoiding line (now removed). The Leipzig main-line from Berlin had not yet been electrified. We did have a fairly lengthy signal check in open country near Plauen - I did muse whether it would be possible to do a 'Great Train Robbery' and tamper with the signalling and board a stopped train in order to defect. A lot of the stations did have military posted observing our progress as we passed through. Berlin Wannsee station was quite surreal, with its crumbling main-line platforms hardly used - and waiting for better times which did come - in contrast to the busy S-Bahn platforms.
 

StephenHunter

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We went to Potsdam by car. My brother-in-law and his wife cleaned the car thoroughly, took out all the maps, old receipts, other bits of paper and checked that nothing had rolled under the seats to avoid any charges of spying. I'm not joking. We were allowed through the border (I seem to remember that this was Checkpoint Alpha, but after all these years I may be mistaken) with an entry stamp put into the passports after which the first stop was the exchange bureau where we had to change a fixed amount of money per day (DM20?, but I can't remember exactly) to Reichsmarks and the exchange office put a stamp in the passport to show this had been done. Without the stamp one could not get an exit visa and this was obtained by visiting an office, in the same building, occupied by three heavy solid ladies direct from Central Casting.
More likely Checkpoint Bravo at Dreilinden. The old Allied Control Building is now a DB Schenker office.

I thought I'd share this diagram I drew for a spy RP I run, showing the Stadtbahn in 1967.
 

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LNW-GW Joint

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I did a few trips across the DDR, starting in 1977 on a Köln-Leipzig service via Kassel and Gerstungen.
My destination was a hotel in the Thuringian forest at Friedrichroda which involved a Thüringer Waldbahn tram from Gotha - which is still running.
Later I did corridor trips in 1979 Frankfurt-Berlin (also via Gerstungen) and Berlin-Munich (via Probsztella), plus Berlin-Dresden (domestic DR) in 1982.
Apart from the fearsome frontier points with armed guards everywhere (especially in the roof at Friedrichstrasse) it was not too hard to make the journeys.

I remember stopping at Griebnitzsee (border point for trains entering West Berlin from Potsdam), with loud whistles from the West German passengers as the train stopped for a West Berlin crew to board - all the DR crews (east and west) were checked closely by armed border guards on the platform.
On a local DR service I also remember sitting opposite a Russian officer in full dress uniform and flying saucer hat.
Also being the centre of attention of a set of schoolchildren on a DR railbus when I forgot the name of my destination when buying a ticket on board (it was Fröttstädt - very forgettable). For a moment I feared being treated as a spy!
Using the Gotha tram I climbed up to the summit of one of the higher hills, the Inselsberg.
It had a cafe, a huge radio tower and a 360-degree finger post from which all the West German places had been removed.
Also made it up to the Wartburg above Eisenach, and on the Dresden trip to the impressive Saxon Switzerland scenic area.

To/from Berlin, the corridor trains all seemed to be routed away from the main DR lines, via Dessau and Potsdam - the old Canonenbahn route, now much reduced in importance.
In those days DR electrification was limited and didn't stretch much beyond Erfurt.
All the long-distance trains were hauled by Soviet-built DR class 132 diesels.
40-odd years later, some of these are still at work in Germany on freight trains, as DB class 23x.
The post-wall diversion at Gerstungen which the DDR built to avoid crossing the border again before Eisenach has vanished, with the old main line, now fully electrified, reopened.

Today, it's hard to believe there was ever a border, but the rise of the AfD in the east shows there is still a cultural difference between east and west.
Borders everywhere seem to have become harder, more bureaucratic and militarized, so the DDR setup now doesn't seem as extreme as it did then.
The old DDR departure hall at Friedrichstrasse is now preserved as the Tränenpalast, and I found it rather sad.
 
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52290

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PXL_20241117_124601403~2.jpgI visited the DDR twice, in 1973 and 1985. I nearly got arrested in 1985 for taking this photo of 2-10-0 50.3626 at Altengrabow near Magdeburg. It seemed to be in the middle of a Soviet base as you can see by the officer and his family next to the loco.
 

Ken H

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As an aside, Berlin was trashed by Allied bombardment towards the end of WW2. There is still evidence of fighting if you look. The banks of the canalised river Spree are pockmarked with craters from gunfire. And the odd building hasnt had the damage from gunfire covered up.
Fast forward to the building of the wall, and the DDR demolished buildings close to the wall to make a clear line of sight for the armed border guards, and to stop escaping from the DDR by jumping out of windows and over the wall.
Running any sort of railway service through this political/military environment must have been a nightmare.
 

Senex

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I did a few trips across the DDR, starting in 1977 on a Köln-Leipzig service via Kassel and Gerstungen.
My destination was a hotel in the Thuringian forest at Friedrichroda which involved a Thüringer Waldbahn tram from Gotha - which is still running.
Later I did corridor trips in 1979 Frankfurt-Berlin (also via Gerstungen) and Berlin-Munich (via Probsztella), plus Berlin-Dresden (domestic DR) in 1982.
Apart from the fearsome frontier points with armed guards everywhere (especially in the roof at Friedrichstrasse) it was not too hard to make the journeys.

I remember stopping at Griebnitzsee (border point for trains entering West Berlin from Potsdam), with loud whistles from the West German passengers as the train stopped for a West Berlin crew to board - all the DR crews (east and west) were checked closely by armed border guards on the platform.
On a local DR service I also remember sitting opposite a Russian officer in full dress uniform and flying saucer hat.
Also being the centre of attention of a set of schoolchildren on a DR railbus when I forgot the name of my destination when buying a ticket on board (it was Fröttstädt - very forgettable). For a moment I feared being treated as a spy!
Using the Gotha tram I climbed up to the summit of one of the higher hills, the Inselsberg.
It had a cafe, a huge radio tower and a 360-degree finger post from which all the West German places had been removed.
Also made it up to the Wartburg above Eisenach, and on the Dresden trip to the impressive Saxon Switzerland scenic area.

To/from Berlin, the corridor trains all seemed to be routed away from the main DR lines, via Dessau and Potsdam - the old Canonenbahn route, now much reduced in importance.
In those days DR electrification was limited and didn't stretch much beyond Erfurt.
All the long-distance trains were hauled by Soviet-built DR class 132 diesels.
40-odd years later, some of these are still at work in Germany on freight trains, as DB class 23x.
The post-wall diversion at Gerstungen which the DDR built to avoid crossing the border again before Eisenach has vanished, with the old main line, now fully electrified, reopened.

Today, it's hard to believe there was ever a border, but the rise of the AfD in the east shows there is still a cultural difference between east and west.
Borders everywhere seem to have become harder, more bureaucratic and militarized, so the DDR setup now doesn't seem as extreme as it did then.
The old DDR departure hall at Friedrichstrasse is now preserved as the Tränenpalast, and I found it rather sad.
I "collected" all the frontier crossings between the 1960s and 1980s, including the very rare (by the 1980s) Drewitz crossing into Berlin. Remember there were two different régimes, the Berlin corridor trains and the inter-zonal trains. The former had quite brief stops and formalities were carried out in the trains, the latter stopped at the DDR frontier station for some 45-60 minutes for the really thorough examinations. Loco working was balanced, with DR working over some of the frontiers and DB over some (with DR, for example, working into Lübeck Hbf). The formalities on the frontiers with the west weren't actually much longer than those with the "friendly" neighbours, if I recall correctly.

All the Berlin traffic was for quite a time concentrated on the Griebnitzsee frontier (until Staaken was restored and re-opened for passengers) and that rather dictated the choice of the Kanonenbahn route away from Berlin (a large chunk of which is now not just reduced in importance but gone completely, though there are moves to restore a portion to traffic, including the great Elbe bridge at Barby). The post-wall diversionary line from Eisenach to Gerstungen (new construction from Förtha) was fearsomely graded, and I have memories of the noise that came from trains double-headed by a pair of 132s — all now gone, as one of the first bits of post-reunifications replacement was the old main line over this section.

One real oddity was that if you were starting in West Berlin and travelling through the DDR to Scandinavia you could use the Berlin transit trains between Friedrichstraße and the Ostbahnhof [Schlesischer Bahnhof], thus covering the main lines rather than the electric S-Bahn lines between those points — some nice rare track!
 

Taunton

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What a vast range of oddities. There is a 1980s book "Berlin Transit", published by Thomas Cook and written by their Continental Timetable (and Modern Tramway principal contributor and tramway buff) John Price, which described it all at the time in technical, and traveller, detail. I went a couple of times then, and inevitably had some experiences the same, and some different, to the above.

Friedrichstrasse was indeed a useful transfer point between West systems, although physically in the East, you could get between them without needing the entry points. It was the interchange between U-Bahn U6, the North-South S-Bahn, and the westbound elevated S-Bahn. It was the best entry to East Berlin as well. Was interesting when back there just a few years ago to trace where all the dividers were now all the interchange passages are open. Apart from this, DDR "Intershops" operated right down on the U-Bahn platforms, selling to westerners goods that were commonly heavily taxed at somewhat under western prices, in "hard" currency, principally Deutschemarks but they also took Pounds and US Dollars. Mainly cigarettes, Marlboro seemed a principal brand, and in fact just as Perestroika opened up eastern Europe, and there was hyperinflation in Poland and elsewhere, a pack of 200 of these became a form of alternative currency. Proper western manufacture, not imitations.

East Berlin seemed to me better than portrayed, restaurants in particular gave those over the Wall a run for their money, likewise beer, and I always fully spent my DM25 converted to Ostmarks at 1:1, and later converted more. These places seemed in fact mainly used by DDR locals, but were familiar with tourists..

Come the end of The Wall in 1989 I was so fascinated that I nearly went, I had a plane flight identified but in pre-Internet days could not find a hotel, and didn't want to turn up on spec. But I went six months later and still have the quite sizeable chunks of demolished wall, not the tiny souvenir pieces, picked directly from the demolition sites. Surprisingly, even then the newly-merged DB seemed to be running (ex-DR) steam locos.

Even by this date much of the S-Bahn stock was still made up of pre-WW2 units, though extremely well maintained, with wooden seats varnished so well you tended to slip off them. Both east and west S-Bahn systems, though operated separately, had the same stock, which was interchanged between the two overnight. There was, in fact, a surprising amount of interchange continued between the two halves; all the West Berlin water supply came from the DDR.
 

StephenHunter

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Come the end of The Wall in 1989 I was so fascinated that I nearly went, I had a plane flight identified but in pre-Internet days could not find a hotel, and didn't want to turn up on spec. But I went six months later and still have the quite sizeable chunks of demolished wall, not the tiny souvenir pieces, picked directly from the demolition sites. Surprisingly, even then the newly-merged DB seemed to be running (ex-DR) steam locos.
The DB-DR merger wouldn't occur until 1994.

The post-war Umbauwagen six-wheeled stock, basically 1950s bodies on 1910s underframes had to pulled out of retirement when the Wall came down to run the extra trains suddenly needed.
 

MikeFromLFE

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For those interested in East / West rail border crossings in fiction then have a look at 'Berlin Centre' by Max Hertzberg. His Stasi officer protagonist crosses the border by rail disguised as a Westie.
Hertzberg has written a number of well researched books based in the DDR generally espionage but often with a crime basis.
 

Beebman

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Come the end of The Wall in 1989 I was so fascinated that I nearly went, I had a plane flight identified but in pre-Internet days could not find a hotel, and didn't want to turn up on spec. But I went six months later and still have the quite sizeable chunks of demolished wall, not the tiny souvenir pieces, picked directly from the demolition sites. Surprisingly, even then the newly-merged DB seemed to be running (ex-DR) steam locos.
As @StephenHunter said the DB-DR merger wouldn't occur until 1994 but DR did still have standard gauge steam locos in capital stock at the beginning of 1990. Some of them were 'Museumsloks' but there was also still many of the 200 post-war rebuilt class 52s known as 'Rekolok BR 52.80' in existence although unlikely to be in normal service. When the DR loco fleet was renumbered on 1/1/1992 to fit in with the DB system I recall reading at the time in the magazine 'Lok Report' that the surviving 52.80s were given the numbers 052.xxx but it was expected to be only a 'paper exercise' and it was unlikely that they would receive new metal number plates. However I've just done a search and I discovered that at least one loco, 52.8134, did actually receive new plates as 052.134-4 and there's a rare photo at the following link:

http://www.reichsbahndampflok.de/ausgang/52_8134.jpg

I've seen a suggestion on a German forum that maybe as many as five 52.80s passed into DB ownership on 1/1/1994 and were quickly sold to preservationists. It's something I'd like to explore further but I think I might be going off-topic here. :)
 

Taunton

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I can certainly remember walking on the footway alongside the big Treptower railway bridge one evening in late 1991 and hearing this drumming noise approaching, which I thought was a diesel but turned out to be a Class 52 running light engine, at speed and very well linked up with only short exhaust pulses. In subsequent days I saw several others.
 
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You might want to read about an intresting train that also crossed the Inner German Border to reach Berlin in the 1945 to 1990 period, it was called 'The Berliner' and were operated by the British Royal Corps of Transport.

Here is the link: https://www.british-berliner.org
You'll learn a good number of things there!
 

ChiefPlanner

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The DB-DR merger wouldn't occur until 1994.

The post-war Umbauwagen six-wheeled stock, basically 1950s bodies on 1910s underframes had to pulled out of retirement when the Wall came down to run the extra trains suddenly needed.
We did a Railway Study Association trip to Berlin in 1990 , and had some priviliged access to places and staff. Went to Schonefeld Airport one aftrnoon and we me the Station Manager (DR) who via a translator told us of his role in managing the very many specials that ran immediately after the wall was opened , not just on the S-Bahn but coming through from elsewhere. (they thought it might have been a "one off"), which it was not. He of course was on duty for some very long hours , taking little rest. Only way he could get his wife and children up to West Berlin was to arrange for them to have a cab ride , easily arranged for someone of his rank. In passing he in DDR days had two reporting lines - one to the DR , and one to the Russian Officer in charge of the airport.
 

etr221

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We did a Railway Study Association trip to Berlin in 1990 , and had some priviliged access to places and staff. Went to Schonefeld Airport one aftrnoon and we me the Station Manager (DR) who via a translator told us of his role in managing the very many specials that ran immediately after the wall was opened , not just on the S-Bahn but coming through from elsewhere. (they thought it might have been a "one off"), which it was not. He of course was on duty for some very long hours , taking little rest. Only way he could get his wife and children up to West Berlin was to arrange for them to have a cab ride , easily arranged for someone of his rank. In passing he in DDR days had two reporting lines - one to the DR , and one to the Russian Officer in charge of the airport.
A quirk of Cold War era Berlin was that the Western (UK, US and French) Allied Occupation forces had rights into the Soviet Zone (East Berlin): any issues required a Soviet officer to resolve - DDR officials had no authority in this situation.

Flights from West Germany to (west) Berlin were operated by BEA, Air France and Pan-Am (I think these were their only internal, non-international, services), not Lufthansa.
 

Fragezeichnen

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I did muse whether it would be possible to do a 'Great Train Robbery' and tamper with the signalling and board a stopped train in order to defect.

The transit trains were supposed to be treated a bit like we would handle the royal train - at all costs all other traffic should be kept out of the way so that the train never had to slow down enough for anyone to jump on board.
Eventuallly this had tragic consequences. The accident in Hohenthurm(1984, 43 deaths) involved a transit train rear ending another train after passing multiple red signals is thick fog, and the suspected cause was the driver disbelieving that the train was required to make an non-timetabled stop and fearing disciplinary action should he slow down unnecessarily.
 

Taunton

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A quirk of Cold War era Berlin was that the Western (UK, US and French) Allied Occupation forces had rights into the Soviet Zone (East Berlin): any issues required a Soviet officer to resolve - DDR officials had no authority in this situation.

Flights from West Germany to (west) Berlin were operated by BEA, Air France and Pan-Am (I think these were their only internal, non-international, services), not Lufthansa.
There were a whole range of quirks like this, it was what allowed UK/US/FR citizens to enter just by applying at the crossing point in Friedrichstrasse station, to go round East Berlin, though strictly not beyond, As the suburbs, and the S-Bahn, had spilled over the completely unmarked border you had to be alert to this. There were completely separate and much more restrictive arrangements for West German Citizens. Soviet military were also allowed reciprocal access into West Berlin, though of course few were permitted by their own authorities, and any that came had A Purpose ...

The same for the airlines described, only those of the Allies allowed. Holidaymaker flights to Majorca etc were operated by British airlines of the era like Dan-Air, who had to have Allied pilots, though the flight attendants were local West Berliners. Air traffic control in the "Corridor" over the GDR was by Soviet staff, who were completely professional but also absolutely precise with the 1945 agreement about this. I read that prominent British TV personality Hughie Green had his own, British registration, private aircraft, and flew it to West Berlin, speaking on the radio to the control. Within minutes of arrival the Soviet control had put two and two together, that Green was actually a Canadian citizen and thus not allowed to fly there. He had to leave as an airline passenger, and get a British pilot to fly his plane out.
 

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