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Would electrifying the WEML, Marshlink, North Downs and Uckfield lines with third rail be possible under the ORR's current policy?

Meerkat

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Ashford to Ore should be sufficient looking at that. Even if 50 miles is in range, I think there should be some charging means available at Uckfield, or at least close to that end, for resilience. Also worth noting the line is not the flattest going, it has to navigate the High Weald with some notable gradients, so power demand would be higher than 50 miles on a relatively flat route like the Marshlink.
Are the layovers at Ashford long enough?
I thought the issue with Uckfield was needing a power upgrade if those trains were charging on the 3rd rail into London?
If SWR/NR get permission for more 3rd rail presumably they could extend the current 3rd rail a bit, where locals are used to the concept, and up to the next high risk point (platforms/crossing/flat easy trespass access) to reduce the battery load accelerating away?
 
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Recessio

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What's the timescale for replacing 165/166s? Presumably the 171s wont need replacement as soon, given they are newer? So am I correct in saying the North Downs Line would likely see BEMU trains before the other diesel islands in Southern region?

Edit: unless the 171s need to be cascaded somewhere else before the 165s are retired?
 

JonathanH

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What's the timescale for replacing the 165/166s?
The document says "by 2035". The 171s could be reused elsewhere, but the document also notes that it would make sense to replace the 165s alongside other fleet decisions.

• Diesel-electric trains were trialled from 2020 but were not adopted due to industry affordability challenges.
• GWR advise that the Class 165/166 fleet needs to be replaced by 2035, meaning there is an upcoming decision point to inform future rolling stock requirements.
 

zwk500

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Given that most recent and all new (main line) EMU designs have provision for mounting an pantograph, in a DC-only region, it would be worth fitting a pantograph optimised for static charging so that short overhead conductors could be fitted in likely emergency locations, (e.g. a turn-round station, a busy junction signal). The feed could be 25kV (c. 5MW) from a DNO connection or even DC if the transformer primary was suitably protected.
This is an option, yes, although it seems questionable value if this is the only use of them. Being able to move the transition between battery and pickup to the other side of a junction is one thing, adding a completely different apparatus for a few minutes charging at the signal is quite another.
Having trickle-charged power banks that can then dump into a 3rd rail (either conventional or the Vivarail idea in the 4ft) would seem to be a better value option for any 'emergency boost' requirements. Also you could fit stations with an outlet to allow trains to connect for hotel power in the event of being held in stations for a long time. There are plenty of standard commercial designs for this, although it would need some sort of interlock to prevent traction power being taken while the emergency cable is attached.
 

Mikey C

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I thought the issue with Uckfield was needing a power upgrade if those trains were charging on the 3rd rail into London?
Especially as this isn't some "sleepy" line with 2 or 3 car DMUs. Aren't some rush hour services 10 car 171s? Replacing those with the equivalent of an 8 or 12 car 377 would require quite a bit of juice both to power them and to charge the batteries on the existing 3rd rail part of the route.

Hence if any new 3rd rails are installed anywhere, it will be on this line.
 

eldomtom2

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Especially as this isn't some "sleepy" line with 2 or 3 car DMUs. Aren't some rush hour services 10 car 171s? Replacing those with the equivalent of an 8 or 12 car 377 would require quite a bit of juice both to power them and to charge the batteries on the existing 3rd rail part of the route.

Hence if any new 3rd rails are installed anywhere, it will be on this line.
If we ignore what they do off the third rail, would there be enough power for those services if say a 377 ran them? Trying to understand where precisely the problem is.
 

Nicholas Lewis

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Especially as this isn't some "sleepy" line with 2 or 3 car DMUs. Aren't some rush hour services 10 car 171s? Replacing those with the equivalent of an 8 or 12 car 377 would require quite a bit of juice both to power them and to charge the batteries on the existing 3rd rail part of the route.

Hence if any new 3rd rails are installed anywhere, it will be on this line.
The advantage of Uckfield over Marshline is the train has 20 odd miles in and out of London to recharge so you could manage recharge rate (and thus impact on the tarction system) unlike Marshline where you would need high rates of recharge to minimise turnround times.
 

PGAT

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The advantage of Uckfield over Marshline is the train has 20 odd miles in and out of London to recharge so you could manage recharge rate (and thus impact on the tarction system) unlike Marshline where you would need high rates of recharge to minimise turnround times.
Marshlink services also get to charge between Ore and Eastbourne which is only 4mi shorter than the stretch fron Hurst Green Jn to London Bridge.
 
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JamesRowden

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Network Rail and GWR have published a report which confirms that electrification of the North Downs Line represents 'very poor' value for money, that battery powered trains could have a good financial case, that an extra stopping service between Reading and Guildford each hour could be viable, and that there is no financial case for extending services at either end.

The document shows that the financial case for extending services was evaluated as extensions of North Downs services to Oxford, Portsmouth or Brighton. The main reason for the options not being value for money was the costs or running a more intense timetable on the routes that those extensions use. Therefore the analysis does not cover the potential case for merging the Redhill-Tonbridge shuttle with the third hourly North Downs line train which was considered as a stand alone option. Seems like a pretty big oversight to me, but maybe it was not considered since it could only increase rather than reduce the case for the rolling stock strategy conclusion of the report.

The biggest assumption in the report seems to be that the electricity to power the trains would be zero carbon. I think, for that to be true, that all electricity generation on the grid would need to be zero carbon, or the introduction of these battery trains would need to result in an increase in zero carbon electricity generation at least as great as that required to operate these trains. I doubt that will be true at least at the initial introduction of this proposed new stock.
 

JonathanH

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Therefore the analysis does not cover the potential case for merging the Redhill-Tonbridge shuttle with the third hourly North Downs line train which was considered as a stand alone option
I can't see a case for 3tph east of Guildford (or Shalford). An hourly stopping shuttle between Reading and Shalford can be provided with two units. The current 2tph timetable is a great compromise between the ability to run through to Gatwick every half hour while not running an empty stopping train between Guildford and Redhill, and I don't think improved acceleration is going to save a unit. Therefore, there is nothing to extend to Tonbridge, nor a lot of cross Redhill travel.
 

JamesRowden

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I can't see a case for 3tph east of Guildford (or Shalford). An hourly stopping shuttle between Reading and Shalford can be provided with two units. The current 2tph timetable is a great compromise between the ability to run through to Gatwick every half hour while not running an empty stopping train between Guildford and Redhill, and I don't think improved acceleration is going to save a unit. Therefore, there is nothing to extend to Tonbridge, nor a lot of cross Redhill travel.
I think that the hourly service between Redhill and Tonbridge is making journeys from the North Downs much less attractive than if there was a through service, costing revenue. A 40 minute connection, as it was when I used it 10 years ago, is not nice for connecting to southeastern services from Tonbridge. Sending the battery stopper to Tonbridge rather than Gatwick might cut costs and solve this issue. There is an intense service between Redhill and Gatwick without the GWR services.

And the report stated that there demand for a greater service east of Guildford, just not all the way to Redhill. But that 3tph to Redhill/Gatwick was worth considering.
 
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Bald Rick

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Given that most recent and all new (main line) EMU designs have provision for mounting an pantograph, in a DC-only region, it would be worth fitting a pantograph optimised for static charging so that short overhead conductors could be fitted in likely emergency locations, (e.g. a turn-round station, a busy junction signal). The feed could be 25kV (c. 5MW) from a DNO connection or even DC if the transformer primary was suitably protected.

Not a good idea. Not least as AC requires a transformer / rectifier on the train,the weight of which would be better as batteries.

If charging were needed at Uckfield - and I’m not convinced it is - then a short stretch of third rail at the station switched in when the train is there will cover it. Typical dwell at Uckfield is 11 mins, which would enable around 200kwh to be charged per unit, and that’s enough to get them 25 miles.
 

stevieinselby

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I think that the hourly service between Redhill and Tonbridge is making journeys from the North Downs much less attractive than if there was a through service, costing revenue. A 40 minute connection, as it was when I used it 10 years ago, is not nice for connecting to southeastern services from Tonbridge. Sending the battery stopper to Tonbridge rather than Gatwick might cut costs and solve this issue. There is an intense service between Redhill and Gatwick without the GWR services.

And the report stated that there demand for a greater service east of Guildford, just not all the way to Redhill. But that 3tph to Redhill/Gatwick was worth considering.
Why would you have a 40 minute connection when one of the services runs every half-hour?
Is there really so much demand for through services between Reading/Guildford/Dorking/Reigate and Tonbridge that it would merit a through service, either by increasing the number of trains running over the line or by removing some through services from Gatwick?
 

JonathanH

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Is there really so much demand for through services between Reading/Guildford/Dorking/Reigate and Tonbridge that it would merit a through service, either by increasing the number of trains running over the line or by removing some through services from Gatwick?
It certainly wouldn't be a good idea to remove through services from the North Downs Line to Gatwick having just finally devised a timetable that gets 2tph there. Gatwick is fundamental to maintaining demand on the North Downs Line.

The fact that Southern removed the 'peak extra' unit on the Redhill to Tonbridge line is indicative of the struggle to maintain demand on that line.
 

Railwaysceptic

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Not a good idea. Not least as AC requires a transformer / rectifier on the train,the weight of which would be better as batteries.

If charging were needed at Uckfield - and I’m not convinced it is - then a short stretch of third rail at the station switched in when the train is there will cover it.
Which of course is the point of the experiment between Greenford and West Ealing. The very short section of track used for recharging the battery is "live" only when occupied by a train.
 

Essex Express

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As a extention of third rail does not likely to happen. Would a option be to build a batch of class 755 but third rail version. As clearly shown the units on Greater Anglia have worked very well with change over from Diesel to Electric and points on the journey.
At presnt Southern has 17 class 171 units covering the Uckfield and Marshline route plus GWR needs 7 class 165 a day plus engineering spare on top.
Would it make sense to move the Norhh Down line to Southern with a order of around 30 4 car units. Also the option could be to use Redhill sidings that GWR already have a few sets stabled over night. As the maintance depot for the units. Again freeing up space at Selhurst that becomes a Electric depot.
 

zwk500

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As a extention of third rail does not likely to happen. Would a option be to build a batch of class 755 but third rail version. As clearly shown the units on Greater Anglia have worked very well with change over from Diesel to Electric and points on the journey.
At presnt Southern has 17 class 171 units covering the Uckfield and Marshline route plus GWR needs 7 class 165 a day plus engineering spare on top.
It's certainly an option
Would it make sense to move the Norhh Down line to Southern with a order of around 30 4 car units. Also the option could be to use Redhill sidings that GWR already have a few sets stabled over night. As the maintance depot for the units. Again freeing up space at Selhurst that becomes a Electric depot.
I'm not sure this makes as much sense, although cross-crewing would be helpful. However GWR have their own potential requirements for a Bi-Mode fleet, so a joint order for GTR and GWR would also be a possibility.
 

stevieinselby

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It's certainly an option

I'm not sure this makes as much sense, although cross-crewing would be helpful. However GWR have their own potential requirements for a Bi-Mode fleet, so a joint order for GTR and GWR would also be a possibility.
For GWR routes apart from the North Downs line, any bi-mode units will only need to be OHLE compatible, whereas for the North Downs line they would only need to be 3rd rail compatible (as would any new units for the Uckfield and Marshlink lines) – so they wouldn't necessarily be on the same platform. From that point of view, it would make more sense to move the North Downs line into the Southern operation so that that unique fleet type is all in the same place, increasing flexibility for deploying trains and crew.
 

JonathanH

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Also the option could be to use Redhill sidings that GWR already have a few sets stabled over night. As the maintance depot for the units.
One GWR unit at Redhill overnight. Definitely no scope for a maintenance depot there.
 

Recessio

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For GWR routes apart from the North Downs line, any bi-mode units will only need to be OHLE compatible, whereas for the North Downs line they would only need to be 3rd rail compatible (as would any new units for the Uckfield and Marshlink lines) – so they wouldn't necessarily be on the same platform. From that point of view, it would make more sense to move the North Downs line into the Southern operation so that that unique fleet type is all in the same place, increasing flexibility for deploying trains and crew.
Having two separate fleets of BEMU, one OHLE for GWR and one 3rd rail for Southern (now incorporating the NDL), would impact any extension beyond of the current NDL service beyond Reading though, such as the proposal to head up towards Oxford.

That or the BEMU units for the NDL would need to be made both third rail and OHLE compatible (I guess they would already have the capability to be retrofitted with AC transformers and pans, like all new DC trains are?)
 

zwk500

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Having two separate fleets of BEMU, one OHLE for GWR and one 3rd rail for Southern (now incorporating the NDL), would impact any extension beyond of the current NDL service beyond Reading though, such as the proposal to head up towards Oxford.

That or the BEMU units for the NDL would need to be made both third rail and OHLE compatible (I guess they would already have the capability to be retrofitted with AC transformers and pans, like all new DC trains are?)
Most modern trains are designed in a modular fashion, so having a single Class with 3 subclasses (AC only Bi-Mode, DC only Bi-Mode and Dual-Voltage Bi-Mode) would likely be the most sensible solution.

Southern and SWR have potential requirements for the DC Bi-Mode today, SouthEastern have potential future requirements for a DC Bi-Mode and SWR potential for a DV Bi-Mode, GWR have potential for both voltages as well as a DV option if there is ever a serious attempt to push NDL stuff through beyond Reading (which I doubt there will be, due to the awkwardness of the link between the Southern and Western at Reading).
In many ways, transferring the NDL to SWR and letting them crew it from Guildford with stock berthed there makes more sense than GTR running it from Gatwick/Redhill.
 

JonathanH

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Having two separate fleets of BEMU, one OHLE for GWR and one 3rd rail for Southern (now incorporating the NDL), would impact any extension beyond of the current NDL service beyond Reading though, such as the proposal to head up towards Oxford.
The study fairly firmly indicates that an extension of NDL services at either end is unlikely.
 

stevieinselby

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Having two separate fleets of BEMU, one OHLE for GWR and one 3rd rail for Southern (now incorporating the NDL), would impact any extension beyond of the current NDL service beyond Reading though, such as the proposal to head up towards Oxford.
It's extremely unlikely that there would be any case for extending that service to Oxford anyway, especially as capacity at Oxford is going to be increasingly stretched and so terminating additional trains there would be difficult.
 

JonathanH

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In many ways, transferring the NDL to SWR and letting them crew it from Guildford with stock berthed there makes more sense than GTR running it from Gatwick/Redhill.
I'm not convinced by that as I don't think that Guildford really has the siding space either to run the service. One interesting snippet in the study is the possibility of running overnight, and presumably avoiding the need to berth at Redhill at all.

It's extremely unlikely that there would be any case for extending that service to Oxford anyway, especially as capacity at Oxford is going to be increasingly stretched and so terminating additional trains there would be difficult.
I agree. What would be the calling pattern between Reading and Oxford? Is there room or need for those extra trains?

if there is ever a serious attempt to push NDL stuff through beyond Reading (which I doubt there will be, due to the awkwardness of the link between the Southern and Western at Reading).
Platform 7 and the Festival Line westbound, and platform 15 and the dive under eastbound doesn't seem particularly awkward, but not sure it is the best use of capacity or rolling stock.
 
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Verulamius

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Having two separate fleets of BEMU, one OHLE for GWR and one 3rd rail for Southern (now incorporating the NDL), would impact any extension beyond of the current NDL service beyond Reading though, such as the proposal to head up towards Oxford.
The 3rd rail BEMU could also be used by Southwestern?
 

Bikeman78

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Fitting a 100-mile range battery to a 4-car EMU should not be particularly impossible, especially if it's a currently manufactured design. That would comfortably cover Hurst Green to Uckfield and back with room to spare. There are various options for emergency-only shore supplies at station. Additionally, a short extension of the third rail, 'around the corner' as it were, to allow trains to accelerate away from the junction or hold at a red on the juice rail would be a perfectly sensible provision.
The class 756 are planned to run from Heath to Bridgend and back on battery. That's a similar distance to the Uckfield line.
 

I'm here now

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It's certainly an option

I'm not sure this makes as much sense, although cross-crewing would be helpful. However GWR have their own potential requirements for a Bi-Mode fleet, so a joint order for GTR and GWR would also be a possibility.
It’ll be great for level boarding!
 

Recessio

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The study fairly firmly indicates that an extension of NDL services at either end is unlikely.

It's extremely unlikely that there would be any case for extending that service to Oxford anyway, especially as capacity at Oxford is going to be increasingly stretched and so terminating additional trains there would be difficult.
This is true. But if something were ever to happen (perhaps to link up with East West Rail), or perhaps if the units were ever to be redeployed, not having AC equipment on would limit their potential operational locations
 

Trainbike46

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Well, nobody likes a smart alec*, but I have been saying this for nearly a decade on these pages.
If only the powers that be had listened to you then, we would have some nice BEMUs going up and down over the North Downs Line, to Uckfield and over the Marshlink. Hopefully the response to this recent publication will be to actually order some BEMUs

Are the layovers at Ashford long enough?
I thought the issue with Uckfield was needing a power upgrade if those trains were charging on the 3rd rail into London?
If SWR/NR get permission for more 3rd rail presumably they could extend the current 3rd rail a bit, where locals are used to the concept, and up to the next high risk point (platforms/crossing/flat easy trespass access) to reduce the battery load accelerating away?
Especially as this isn't some "sleepy" line with 2 or 3 car DMUs. Aren't some rush hour services 10 car 171s? Replacing those with the equivalent of an 8 or 12 car 377 would require quite a bit of juice both to power them and to charge the batteries on the existing 3rd rail part of the route.

Hence if any new 3rd rails are installed anywhere, it will be on this line.
you are aware that power supplies can be upgraded if/where necessary right?
 
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JamesRowden

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Why would you have a 40 minute connection when one of the services runs every half-hour?
Is there really so much demand for through services between Reading/Guildford/Dorking/Reigate and Tonbridge that it would merit a through service, either by increasing the number of trains running over the line or by removing some through services from Gatwick?
There was a fast and a slow service which left Reading 30 minutes apart, and the slow service would just would just miss the connection to Tonbridge, and the fast train would not be far behind it. The fastest service between Reading and Redhill is now slower than it used to be, because one train an hour is faster west of Guildford, and the other east.

I am criticing the study for not considering the best options, rather than directly suggesting that such a service should exist. Their first option had 3tph Reading to Redhill with 2tph through to Gatwick. The problem with the other 3 options to extend services to Oxford/Portmouth/Brighton was that the costs of running the service as an additional service rather than merging it with an existing service, but those routes do not have terminating services to merge with. Services already terminate at Redhill/Reigate from London and Tonbridge. The London trains are longer than suitable for the North Downs, so merging the services would cost money. But the Redhill to Tonbridge route struggles to get enough demand. So modifying their first proposal of 3tph with 1tph terminating at Redhill (which was found to be the only one with a possible case for implementing) with the Redhill-Tonbridge service would create better connectivity along the east west axis with the only potential additional costs being complciation of crewing and stabling the longer service (which Labour's Nationalisation plan could make better by allowing a combination of Reading and Tonbridge staff to operate the route), This option would also produce a saving since the number of trains on the Redhill-Tonbirdge could probably be reduced from 2 to 1 through inter working since the service takes 32 minutes end to end, which does not work well for stock utilation as an hourly shuttle. So the study's conclusion that extensions do not offer value for money, and that 3tph doesn't neccesarily offer value for money seems to have been created using a non-optimal set of the potential options. Running through to Tonbridge would partially pay for one of the extra trains required for the 3tph service, and then there is the potential additional revenue produced by improving connectivity.
 

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