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Would electrifying the WEML, Marshlink, North Downs and Uckfield lines with third rail be possible under the ORR's current policy?

Mikey C

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What’s your view on WoE mainline?
To me that should be OHLE, as it's a single change from 3rd rail to OHLE after Basingstoke, and it then continues away from the 3rd rail "heartland". Exeter, at some point will get wires for the GWR services to Bristol and Reading anyway, so it would be silly to have 3rd rail joining on another line.
 
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Harpo

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Reeves wants a bonfire of the regulations to fuel growth - maybe someone should point her at the ORR 3rd rail policy?
ORR doesn’t make laws, it manages compliance with them.

If Network Rail, TfL or anyone else felt the ORR policy to be an incorrect or disproportionate application of the law then a legal challenge is an option but there’s a deafening silence.
 

LNW-GW Joint

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The interesting case coming up will be TfL's plan for the Pudding Mill line from Kew to Cricklewood. This has a mix of systems but would clearly benefit from new third rail for the short gap from Old Kew Junction to South Acton 25kV. The wires should probably creep north to Willesden from Acton Wells, but batteries could work northwards to the Midland line for immediate passenger use.
Dudding Hill line. ;)
Pudding Mill Lane is on the other side of London, but probably more famous...
 

WAO

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Whether the irony of calling a 25kV Feeder Station/GSP after a Pudding crossed the mind of an NR worthy...?

WAO
 

Tetragon213

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To me that should be OHLE, as it's a single change from 3rd rail to OHLE after Basingstoke, and it then continues away from the 3rd rail "heartland". Exeter, at some point will get wires for the GWR services to Bristol and Reading anyway, so it would be silly to have 3rd rail joining on another line.
I would actually argue for an extension of the Third Rail down to Exeter. It would avoid rebuilding a lot of tunnels (Fisherton being a particularly bad one off the top of my head), it would be less of a headache with the obscenely backwards NIMBY-culture of the people down South, and it would avoid mandating a stop at Overton (not all trains stop at Overton, so unless the panto can be lowered on-the-go, an added stop at Overton would cause quite an increase in travel times).

I suppose one could potentially do the power swap at Andover, seeing as all trains on the way to Salisbury from Waterloo do stop there, at least. Whether you'd then have just a battery section or an piece of infill Third Rail is another question entirely.
 

MarkyT

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the new 4-rail electrification was entirely in a tunnel, of course. However I agree Headbolt lane was a clear case of a proportional extension where the safety case for third rail should have been able to be made.
Though it provided a perfect test bed for Merseyrail's new battery-equipped rolling stock, so while the scheme on its own it may have qualified for a 'minor extension', the value to prove the trains for possible future more lengthy excursions off the juice rail, was higher.
The only significant case of 'new' third rail developed wholly since the legislation mentioned above is, I believe, the East London Line conversion. And that's almost entirely elevated or in a cutting/tunnel
Either elevated, tunneled or high security fenced throughout with no level crossings. ISTR they implemented a range of additional measures for staff and passenger safety too.
 

yorksrob

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The bigger change was probably ORR’s policy on third rail where it sets out it’s interpretation of the law and how it believes it needs to apply it, in particular….

‘There is a presumption against the reasonable practicability of new build or extended third rail in view of the safety requirements duty holders must satisfy in order to justify the use of third rail.’

Under that policy there has been new 4 rail electrification to Battersea (Northern line) while battery power was needed to reach Headbolt Lane.

So in other words we can't blame legislation for an industry interpretation.
 

zwk500

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I would actually argue for an extension of the Third Rail down to Exeter. It would avoid rebuilding a lot of tunnels (Fisherton being a particularly bad one off the top of my head),
Third Rail does require gauging work on it's own, as it is an additional obstruction in the lower sector gauge. Obviously not as much as OLE, but it's not an automatic fit.
it would be less of a headache with the obscenely backwards NIMBY-culture of the people down South,
'down South'.. Not as if there aren't NIMBY's in the north (leaving aside the fact the South-West has it's own beef with the London area). Any investment in the railway will need to be accompanied with big housing developments to justify it so the idea that Third Rail will magic-wand NIMBY objections away is somewhat optimsitic.
and it would avoid mandating a stop at Overton (not all trains stop at Overton, so unless the panto can be lowered on-the-go, an added stop at Overton would cause quite an increase in travel times).
Changing on the fly is long-established. Eurostar used to do it all the time, and 80x change from Diesel to panto on the fly daily.

So in other words we can't blame legislation for an industry interpretation.
You should separate the problems caused by the legislation and the problems caused by the interpretation. In each scheme, the two elements will have different levels of impact.
 

yorksrob

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You should separate the problems caused by the legislation and the problems caused by the interpretation. In each scheme, the two elements will have different levels of impact.

In this instance, I can only see one problem - the inability to complete the third rail infills.
 

zwk500

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In this instance, I can only see one problem - the inability to complete the third rail infills.
And therein lies the problem. You are not approaching the issue level-headedly, but banging on the pub table screaming "MORE TRAINS!"

The industry absolutely has the technical capability to meet even the latest safety regulations - it is the costs that are stopping it from being an effective solution. In order to reduce costs, either new solutions need to be developed - at more cost - or the requirements relaxed, but those requirements are in place to protect people. What you are actually complaining about is the value judgement of the legislature that people's lives are worth more than doing cheap and cheerful electrification.

There *is* a legitimate debate about whether that value judgement is still correct in light of the modern world (decarbonisation, etc), but that discussion absolutely *must* acknowledge that alternative and - importantly - less risky options to third rail also exist.
 
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Mikey C

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I would actually argue for an extension of the Third Rail down to Exeter. It would avoid rebuilding a lot of tunnels (Fisherton being a particularly bad one off the top of my head), it would be less of a headache with the obscenely backwards NIMBY-culture of the people down South, and it would avoid mandating a stop at Overton (not all trains stop at Overton, so unless the panto can be lowered on-the-go, an added stop at Overton would cause quite an increase in travel times).

I suppose one could potentially do the power swap at Andover, seeing as all trains on the way to Salisbury from Waterloo do stop there, at least. Whether you'd then have just a battery section or an piece of infill Third Rail is another question entirely.
Maybe they could operate on battery power through the tunnels. It's not as if it's a high speed line.
 

MarkyT

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'down South'.. Not as if there aren't NIMBY's in the north (leaving aside the fact the South-West has it's own beef with the London area). Any investment in the railway will need to be accompanied with big housing developments to justify it so the idea that Third Rail will magic-wand NIMBY objections away is somewhat optimsitic.
It might help to diffuse some opposition relating to visual impact of a wired alternative.
Changing on the fly is long-established. Eurostar used to do it all the time, and 80x change from Diesel to panto on the fly daily.
If a dual voltage train had a short-range traction battery fitted, it could lower its pantograph and continue through an extended gap section under power at speed, then pick up the third rail a little beyond (and vice versa). That could minimise or even eliminate any dual voltage equipped track, disliked for oft-discussed traction return current and earthing reasons. A really good electrical isolation could thereby be obtained between the two supply systems. Trains' ability to traverse long gaps in either 3rd rail or OHLE systems could allow non-provision of full conductor coverage through large junctions where cost and complexity is high. Lower complexity would likely lead to increased reliability and also improved staff safety with all the small sections of conductor and their connecting cables within existing 3rd rail junctions removed as failure and trip hazards. Making all EMUs BEMUS has great potential.
 

zwk500

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It might help to diffuse some opposition relating to visual impact of a wired alternative.
Very limited, NIMBY's will find anything to complain about.
If a dual voltage train had a short-range traction battery fitted, it could lower its pantograph and continue through an extended gap section under power at speed, then pick up the third rail a little beyond (and vice versa). That could minimise or even eliminate any dual voltage equipped track, disliked for oft-discussed traction return current and earthing reasons. A really good electrical isolation could thereby be obtained between the two supply systems.
Tbh you could coast through that gap, it's not too dissimilar to a OHNS.
Trains' ability to traverse long gaps in either 3rd rail or OHLE systems could allow non-provision of full conductor coverage through large junctions where cost and complexity is high. Lower complexity would likely lead to increased reliability and also improved staff safety with all the small sections of conductor and their connecting cables within existing 3rd rail junctions removed as failure and trip hazards. Making all EMUs BEMUS has great potential.
For third rail this is indeed an advantage, so long as the BEMU is configured to offer a 'blended' power mix dynamically responding to the available power from the shoes. I think OLE would benefit less from this as the need to lower and raise the pantograph to prevent dewirements would counteract much of the benefits of the less complex knitting.
But I really do feel that having an all-BEMU fleet with a subfleet of 'extended range' BEMUs is going to come around sooner or later, and we may as well make it sooner because it will help the electric railway avoid scenes like the GWML shutdown.
 

Trainbike46

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Very limited, NIMBY's will find anything to complain about.

Tbh you could coast through that gap, it's not too dissimilar to a OHNS.

For third rail this is indeed an advantage, so long as the BEMU is configured to offer a 'blended' power mix dynamically responding to the available power from the shoes. I think OLE would benefit less from this as the need to lower and raise the pantograph to prevent dewirements would counteract much of the benefits of the less complex knitting.
But I really do feel that having an all-BEMU fleet with a subfleet of 'extended range' BEMUs is going to come around sooner or later, and we may as well make it sooner because it will help the electric railway avoid scenes like the GWML shutdown.
An all-BEMU fleet, with some extended range BEMUs is already coming. The complete new Merseyrail fleet is BEMU, with some extended range editions. As I understand it, this also involved de-electrification of some third rail in the depot.
 

MarkyT

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Very limited, NIMBY's will find anything to complain about.
Agree they'll latch on to any factor if its a controversial new railway scheme.
Tbh you could coast through that gap, it's not too dissimilar to a OHNS.
True, though with batteries it could be done without risk at any speed, which might permit gaps to be sited closer to a station or junction than would be permitted for coasting alone.
For third rail this is indeed an advantage, so long as the BEMU is configured to offer a 'blended' power mix dynamically responding to the available power from the shoes. I think OLE would benefit less from this as the need to lower and raise the pantograph to prevent dewirements would counteract much of the benefits of the less complex knitting.
South Wales Metro is doing this in the Valleys. They're using auto pantograph raising and lowering controlled by a system based on eurobalises. An interesting project to watch.
But I really do feel that having an all-BEMU fleet with a subfleet of 'extended range' BEMUs is going to come around sooner or later, and we may as well make it sooner because it will help the electric railway avoid scenes like the GWML shutdown.
100%. The resilience effect of batteries struck me when reading about the Rennes line B autonomous metro, implemented using rubber-tired Neoval technology, now offered by Siemens. This has a twin conductor ground power supply that extends along plain line sections, but is gapped significantly through junctions. To cope with this and unelelectrified depot tracks, trains have traction batteries that ensure they can alway negotiate the gaps and any failures encountered. The availability quoted for the vehicles is a frankly astonishing 100%, I think largely driven by their ability to autonomously power out of any kind of supply glitch. I find it interesting that the first UK DC discontinuous battery scheme proposed also involves Siemens, who built and maintain the Desiro fleet that might be adapted.
 

zwk500

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An all-BEMU fleet, with some extended range BEMUs is already coming. The complete new Merseyrail fleet is BEMU, with some extended range editions. As I understand it, this also involved de-electrification of some third rail in the depot.
Ah, I hadn't realised they were all BEMU, that's good to hear. Depots are another case where BEMUs make an incredible amount of sense.
True, though with batteries it could be done without risk at any speed, which might permit gaps to be sited closer to a station or junction than would be permitted for coasting alone.
Good point
South Wales Metro is doing this in the Valleys. They're using auto pantograph raising and lowering controlled by a system based on eurobalises. An interesting project to watch.

100%. The resilience effect of batteries struck me when reading about the Rennes line B autonomous metro, implemented using rubber-tired Neoval technology, now offered by Siemens. This has a twin conductor ground power supply that extends along plain line sections, but is gapped significantly through junctions. To cope with this and unelelectrified depot tracks, trains have traction batteries that ensure they can alway negotiate the gaps and any failures encountered. The availability quoted for the vehicles is a frankly astonishing 100%, I think largely driven by their ability to autonomously power out of any kind of supply glitch. I find it interesting that the first UK DC discontinuous battery scheme proposed also involves Siemens, who built and maintain the Desiro fleet that might be adapted.
Thanks, I shall check up on those.
 

Bald Rick

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‘Passengers’ aren’t necessarily those most at risk. The two third rail electrocutions that I had to deal with (sadly in fairly quick succession) were a nine-year-old trespasser and a very experienced electrified track engineer who was working right next to me.

Quite. IIRC We’ve had a couple of public fatalities by electrocutions in the last few months.


You are quite correct. Fairly ridiculous to carry around full battery capabilities for the sake of a few stretches within the overwhelmingly third rail area.

Batteries have many more uses that just stretches off the juice rail. They will improve reliability materially. And carrying around say a tonne of battery ‘capability’ on a 5 coach train already weighing 250 t fully loaded is hardly a chore.

I thought Uckfield was blocked by a lack of power for charging on the 3rd rail into London

Nope. Although some people might want you to think that.
 

brad465

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To me that should be OHLE, as it's a single change from 3rd rail to OHLE after Basingstoke, and it then continues away from the 3rd rail "heartland". Exeter, at some point will get wires for the GWR services to Bristol and Reading anyway, so it would be silly to have 3rd rail joining on another line.
The problem with this is it's not a well-enough used line to get that sort of electrification approved: 2tph to Salisbury then 1tph from there to Exeter; there are several lines not currently electrified that have a much higher frequency and could do with OHLE as a higher priority.

Perhaps if SWR managed to get 3tph to Salisbury (one of them being a shuttle from Basingstoke to avoid London pathing), with 2tph to Exeter (which will certainly require longer loops and more redoubling), and the Devon metro got 2tph from Exeter-Axminster (thus 4tph over this section), it could be done.
 

Meerkat

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Long term, get on with AC OLE to Exeter and then have the Exeter end (to Cranbrook or Honiton), and Bristol-Westbury-Salisbury-Southampton on AC electrification, with DC/AC changeover near Overton, and AC as far down towards Tisbury as is practical. Tisbury to Honiton is just over 50 miles, which would be well within Battery range. Salisbury to Cranbrook is 83 miles, so right on the edge and would probably need a fast-charge at Yeovil Junction but that's also very viable.
With Exeter hopefully getting AC at some point I as hoping for dual voltage BEMUs to ease infrastructure complications (and my excitable crayons want Basingstoke/Salisbury/Southampton as AC for freight!)
I can't see 1 extra 12-car charging being a big problem once on the London Bridge section. tbh.
It would be more than one wouldn't it - one coming and one going??
With battery units running back to Brighton is an option.
Sure I read that that was the plan and it still wasnt enough 3rd rail miles to make it work. Technology may have moved on.
I wouldn't have trains parked up purely to charge, it'd all be done on the move or with a trickle-charged fast dump system a la Greenford trials.
The parked to charge suggestion was if the turnarounds wouldn't allow sufficient charging time.
If Network Rail, TfL or anyone else felt the ORR policy to be an incorrect or disproportionate application of the law then a legal challenge is an option but there’s a deafening silence.
Reeves etc seemed to be suggesting leaning on the regulators - they sacked the head of one that was too strict didn't they?
Nope. Although some people might want you to think that.
Who? My memory isn't great but I thought it came from a senior internal bod/document, rather than being just gossip/guesswork??
 

zwk500

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With Exeter hopefully getting AC at some point I as hoping for dual voltage BEMUs to ease infrastructure complications (and my excitable crayons want Basingstoke/Salisbury/Southampton as AC for freight!)
In the very long-term I'd like the Hampshire end of the SW division to transfer to AC (boundaries at roughly Farnborough and Fareham) but I'd not want that to happen until other places (Sheffield, Bristol/Exeter/Plymouth, Hull, Chester) have got wires at all!
In the meantime, having an AC system (Contiguous from the GW area) reach up to the existing DC but not actually interact and Dual-Voltage BEMUs (and Battery/AC freight locos) operating the service is a reasonable option.
It would be more than one wouldn't it - one coming and one going??
1tph in each direction yes, but I'm assuming the outbound train would be fully charged by the time it's travelled from Hurst Green to London Bridge and laid over.
Sure I read that that was the plan and it still wasnt enough 3rd rail miles to make it work. Technology may have moved on.
Not sure why it wouldn't be enough, the East Coastway can handle 12-car Londons from Eastbourne to Lewes and the distance + layover on the juice from Ore to Brighton and back would happily exceed the distance from Ore to Ashford and Back (and there's a top-up at Ashford available). Happy to be proved wrong by somebody who's got technical knowledge of the electrification system though.
The parked to charge suggestion was if the turnarounds wouldn't allow sufficient charging time.
Given the amount of third rail existing which isn't going to be ripped out I wouldn't have thought there are many places where turnrounds couldn't be sufficient in the third rail area. Turnround charging would be a bigger problem in the AC area where branches are a bit longer and electrification isn't as comprehensive.
 

yorksrob

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Don’t think the WoE Line from Basingstoke to Exeter can really be regarded as “infill”

This is true.

I'd OLE that one.

And therein lies the problem. You are not approaching the issue level-headedly, but banging on the pub table screaming "MORE TRAINS!"

The industry absolutely has the technical capability to meet even the latest safety regulations - it is the costs that are stopping it from being an effective solution. In order to reduce costs, either new solutions need to be developed - at more cost - or the requirements relaxed, but those requirements are in place to protect people. What you are actually complaining about is the value judgement of the legislature that people's lives are worth more than doing cheap and cheerful electrification.

There *is* a legitimate debate about whether that value judgement is still correct in light of the modern world (decarbonisation, etc), but that discussion absolutely *must* acknowledge that alternative and - importantly - less risky options to third rail also exist.

I would argue that we've already made the level headed value judgement to keep the existing third rail network within it's Southern region footprint.

Effectively banning this and that remaining stretch within that area doesn't seem very level headed in comparison.

Batteries have many more uses that just stretches off the juice rail. They will improve reliability materially. And carrying around say a tonne of battery ‘capability’ on a 5 coach train already weighing 250 t fully loaded is hardly a chore.

If that's the case, we'll be paying to have them on all trains !
 

Bald Rick

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If that's the case, we'll be paying to have them on all trains !

Which is exactly what I said on another thread, that I would expect every new order for multiple units from now on to have traction batteries of some size on them, regardless of their prime mode of propulsion. A battery weighing about half a tonne would give a 4/5 car unit more than enough to get out of any reasonable troublesome scenario where the juice / OLE is off or otherwise unavailable for an isolation section or two - say 10 miles at normal speed, probably double that at a reduced speed. As I have said before, you can buy a traction battery weighing about half a tonne for less than £50k, and it comes wrapped in a brand new Hyundai. Thats a rather cheap insurance policy to get you out of all sorts of scenarios.
 

Meerkat

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Given the amount of third rail existing which isn't going to be ripped out I wouldn't have thought there are many places where turnrounds couldn't be sufficient in the third rail area.
The turnaround time is more about stock and crew schedules than third rail v AC isn’t it?
Which is exactly what I said on another thread, that I would expect every new order for multiple units from now on to have traction batteries of some size on them, regardless of their prime mode of propulsion.
How do they ensure the battery doesn’t make an isolated 3rd rail live, and making that fail safe?
They clearly do - Merseyrail.
 

Bald Rick

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How do they ensure the battery doesn’t make an isolated 3rd rail live, and making that fail safe?
They clearly do - Merseyrail.

I‘m no traction engineer, but presumably the battery is in a different part of the system to the current collection element. Or have retractable shoes like the dual voltsge 377s. Secondly, this is an existing issue with regen, which is solved using special protection relays on the distribution network.
 

Mikey C

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The problem with this is it's not a well-enough used line to get that sort of electrification approved: 2tph to Salisbury then 1tph from there to Exeter; there are several lines not currently electrified that have a much higher frequency and could do with OHLE as a higher priority.

Perhaps if SWR managed to get 3tph to Salisbury (one of them being a shuttle from Basingstoke to avoid London pathing), with 2tph to Exeter (which will certainly require longer loops and more redoubling), and the Devon metro got 2tph from Exeter-Axminster (thus 4tph over this section), it could be done.
It might not be top priority, but at some point they'll have to stop running diesels down the the line, so a mix of OHLE and battery will have to happen at some point.
 

yorksrob

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Which is exactly what I said on another thread, that I would expect every new order for multiple units from now on to have traction batteries of some size on them, regardless of their prime mode of propulsion. A battery weighing about half a tonne would give a 4/5 car unit more than enough to get out of any reasonable troublesome scenario where the juice / OLE is off or otherwise unavailable for an isolation section or two - say 10 miles at normal speed, probably double that at a reduced speed. As I have said before, you can buy a traction battery weighing about half a tonne for less than £50k, and it comes wrapped in a brand new Hyundai. Thats a rather cheap insurance policy to get you out of all sorts of scenarios.

Will it get you from Ashford to Ore and back at a reasonable speed, several times a day though.
 

AM9

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Will it get you from Ashford to Ore and back at a reasonable speed, several times a day though.
Why would that be necessary when the timetable and rostering had been set up with appropriate capability to maintain sufficient charge for the service?
 

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