Without sounding dense, I notice people are obsessed with 442's can someone enlighten me as to what I'm missing?
Oh no! Now you've done it! Expect 52 pages discussing them now.
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Well that's not correct. The Northern franchise is owned by the DfT. The TOC is the franchisee who is contracted to operate it within the agreed specification.Some slightly confusing messages from Northern Rail on its website regarding the new franchise http://www.northernrail.org/news/7807
'Who has owned Northern in the past?
Serco and Abellio (Northern was created in 2004 by merging First North Western and Arriva Trains Northern)
12 December 2004 31 March 2016
Arriva Rail North Limited
1 April 2016 - March 2025'.